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Nanofiber Membrane have excellent electrical and mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and reliable performance in various environments. However, the proper selection of nanofillers in polymers largely affects the properties of Nanofiber Membrane such as structure, thermal durability, water resilience, flame retardancy and mechanical properties. Therefore, researchers all over the world are trying to develop materials that can meet the current market demands for practical applications.
Recent advances in polymer Nanofiber Membranes have shown that the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of polymer Nanofiber Membrane have been significantly improved by the incorporation of various nanofillers.
The main point of this paper
PVA-based composites:
Characteristics:
PVA has water solubility, biocompatibility, good electrical and optical properties, chemical stability and excellent dielectric properties.
Applications:
Due to its properties, PVA-based composites are widely used in energy storage, biodegradable packaging, and environmentally friendly materials.
CNTs (Carbon Nanotubes):
Structure:
Cylindrical nanostructures with high strength and excellent electrical conductivity.
Impact:
The addition of CNTs significantly improves the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of the PVA matrix, broadening its application in advanced technologies.
ZnO (Zinc Oxide):
Characteristics:
Inorganic semiconductor material with piezoelectric and semiconductor properties.
Impact:
ZnO doping improves the electrical properties of PVA composites, especially in electronic applications.
Influence of nanofillers:
Electrical conductivity:
The incorporation of CNTs and metal oxides (e.g. ZnO) improves the electrical conductivity of PVA.
Mechanical strength:
CNTs enhance the mechanical properties of the composites.
Dielectric properties:
Doping of ZnO and other metal oxides improved the dielectric properties of PVA.
Research Objective:
Electrical properties:
To investigate the effect of CNTs and ZnO on the electrical properties of PVA-based composites.
Mechanical properties:
To investigate how these nanofillers improve the mechanical properties of PVA composites.
Application extension:
To expand the application of PVA composites in advanced technologies by improving the properties.
Preparation methods:
Electrospinning technique:
Used to synthesize polymer composite nanofibers.
Solution casting technique:
Used to prepare composite Nanofiber Membrane.
Mixing ratio:
Different weight ratios of CNTs and ZnO were added to the PVA matrix.
Preparation process:
Solution preparation:
A solution was prepared by mixing PVA, ZnO and CNTs in specific weight ratios.
Homogenization:
By magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment to ensure uniform dispersion.
Electrospinning conditions:
20 kV voltage, 14.5 cm distance from syringe to collector, flow rate of 2.4 ml/h.
Characterization Techniques:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR):
Used to analyze the chemical structure.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM):
For observation of surface morphology and microstructure.
Electrical properties:
Dielectric constant:
PVA/5%ZnO/0.5%CNT composite has the highest dielectric constant of 10.3 at high frequency.
Capacitance:
The PVA/5% CNT composite has the highest capacitance at 2 MHz, 31.1 pF.
AC conductivity:
The PVA/5%ZnO/0.5%CNT composite has the highest AC conductivity of 2.72 × 10^-7 S/m.
Mechanical Properties:
Young's modulus:
The Young's modulus of PVA/5%CNT composites reached 387.12 MPa.
Stress yield:
Reached 6.92 MPa.
Load yield:
Also improved significantly.
Binary and ternary composite nanofibers of pure PVA matrix and its composites were synthesized by electrospinning technique and films were synthesized by solution casting method. The synthesized binary and ternary PVA-based composites showed significant improvement in electrical and mechanical properties as compared to other studies in this field. These composite nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The electrical properties of the electrospun nanofibers were evaluated. The mechanical properties of the films were measured using a universal tensile tester. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirmed the strong interaction between the filler and the host matrix. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the added materials were well dispersed without pores, voids or agglomerates, and the density of the nanofibers was increased compared to pure PVA nanofibers. The electrical properties include dielectric constant, capacitance, AC conductivity and dielectric loss.
