Electrospining Machine: Nanofiber Membrane Preparation and Waterproof and Moisture Permeability Research

Background

This paper uses PVA and WPU water-based fluorine-free raw materials and uses the electrospinning machine to prepare PVA/WPU waterproof and breathable nanofiber membranes. Then, the Nanofiber Membrane is double-modified in terms of hydrophobicity and mechanical properties to prepare a hydrophobic nanofiber membrane with good mechanical properties. Finally, the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane is laminated with the base fabric and lining to prepare a waterproof and breathable composite fabric that combines excellent mechanical properties and waterproof and breathable properties. This composite fabric has broad development and application prospects in products such as jackets, diving suits, and outdoor mountaineering clothing.

method

Electrospinning technology

Combination of single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment

Lamination process

Research highlights

Non-toxic raw materials: 

For the first time, an attempt was made to prepare an aqueous solution nanofiber membrane with a non-toxic water-soluble polymer, WPU, as the main raw material, PVA as a spinning aid, and water as a solvent instead of the traditional toxic solvent. The preparation process does not produce any toxic substances.

Figure 1 Molecular structure of WPU

Combination of single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment: 

The PVA/WPU ratio, spinning voltage, receiving distance, injection speed and spinning amount were selected as variables. By changing one of the variables, multiple groups of spinning experiments were carried out. The optimal ratio of solution and spinning amount were determined by testing the fiber membrane permeability and hydrostatic pressure. The optimal spinning process was determined based on the fiber morphology and diameter.

Figure 2 Morphology of PVA/WPU composite fiber membranes with different component contents

Figure 3 Morphology and diameter distribution of fiber membrane prepared by orthogonal experiment

Lamination process: 

Using polyurethane (PUR) hot melt adhesive as adhesive and PVA/WPU/PDMS/PVP waterproof and breathable nanofiber membrane as core layer, polyester fabric, nanofiber membrane and lining are laminated and compounded by hot pressing on a flat hot press vulcanizer to prepare "three-in-one" laminated composite fabric.

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of composite fabric structure

This study is based on electrospinning machine technology. PVA and WPU water-based fluorine-free raw materials are selected to replace the currently commonly used fluorine-containing materials and toxic organic solvents. Through single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, the lamination process is used to prepare a waterproof and breathable nanofiber membrane with the best comprehensive performance. The composite of the waterproof and breathable fiber membrane and ordinary fabric is realized, which broadens the application in medical protection, special protection and other fields, and has important guiding significance for the realization of industrialization.

Paper link: https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=OJyTKzW6Feo7sSEUQzYDTPQx1bOOIj5gtoEfguAa5DM9JJ4CUxeN0iVkZWodCWbdkU2t8G160Mucr4dg8cLpN4ajRevW3FknrWp2gflrZJDMQ4vLXfDmSjg75NPgw2QIPmYVMHVMSfwl8AngzVYUBa5lj7I6i3kr_Nzn0lN-urTLNQypZnySp8BApuXUQ89Y6KMs6AvUVbE=&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS