Electrospining Machine: Preparation of solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries by electrospinning technology

Background

With the rapid development of portable devices, wearable electronics and electric vehicles, there is a huge and urgent demand for new generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high safety, leak-free electrolyte and flexibility. Compared to traditional liquid LIBs that use esters and ethers as electrolytes, next-generation solid-state LIBs use solid-state conductive compounds as electrolytes to fabricate energy storage systems. In addition, solid-state devices have the advantages of good mechanical stability, high integration, and wide operating temperature range.

The main point of this paper

Classification of Solid State Electrolytes (SSE):

SSE can be categorized into solid ceramic electrolytes (SCE), solid organic polymer electrolytes (SPE) and polymer/ceramic composite solid electrolytes (CSE)

Performance characteristics of SSE:

SCE has high lithium ion conductivity, but is harder, has poor contact with the electrode material, and has high interfacial resistance; SPE usually has low room temperature ionic conductivity

Advantages of electrospinning technology:

Electrospinning technology can control the morphology, length, diameter and porosity of nanofibers, and it is simple, cost-effective, versatile and suitable for mass production

Application of one-dimensional nanomaterials:

One-dimensional nanomaterials can increase the effective active area, shorten the charge/ion transport distance, and promote ion transport

Application of electrospinning technology in SSE:

Electrospinning technology is used for the preparation of SSEs with the potential to improve mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, and is suitable for the preparation of high-performance SSEs

Characteristics of SSE prepared by electrospinning technology:

The electrospinning technology is able to prepare nanofiber materials with high specific surface area, high porosity, large aspect ratio and easy surface modification, and these characteristics make it widely studied in the field of lithium-ion battery

Application and challenges of electrospinning technology in solid-state electrolytes for solid-state lithium-ion batteries

Classification of Solid State Electrolytes (SSE):

SSE can be categorized into solid ceramic electrolytes (SCE), solid organic polymer electrolytes (SPE) and polymer/ceramic composite solid electrolytes (CSE)

Performance characteristics of SSE:

SCE has high lithium ion conductivity, but is harder, has poor contact with the electrode material, and has high interfacial resistance; SPE usually has low room temperature ionic conductivity

Advantages of electrospinning technology:

Electrospinning technology can control the morphology, length, diameter and porosity of nanofibers, and it is simple, cost-effective, versatile and suitable for mass production

Application of one-dimensional nanomaterials:

One-dimensional nanomaterials can increase the effective active area, shorten the charge/ion transport distance, and promote ion transport

Application of electrospinning technology in SSE:

Electrospinning technology is used for the preparation of SSEs with the potential to improve mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, and is suitable for the preparation of high-performance SSEs

Characteristics of SSE prepared by electrospinning technology:

The electrospinning technology is capable of preparing nanofiber materials with high specific surface area, high porosity, large aspect ratio and easy surface modification, and these characteristics have led to extensive research in the field of lithium-ion battery

Challenges of electrospinning technology:

Challenges of electrospinning technology in SSE fabrication include optimization of the microstructure of the material, incorporation of dopants, and use of hybrid materials to improve Li+ conductivity.

Summarize

In this review, we summarize the development of electrospinning technology and its application in SSEs for lithium batteries, including the historical background of electrospinning, spinning mechanism, operation technique and classification, as well as the various types, preparation methods, modification and application of SSEs, with the aim of providing a direction and a reference for the future research on the preparation of SSEs with high ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. Despite the excellent physical/chemical properties of the current electrospun SSEs and the good achievements in the field of SSLBs, the intrinsic superiority of electrospun SSEs over other SSLBs offers promising opportunities in the near future, even though the development of electrospun SSEs is still limited by a number of challenges. In addition, various modifications and processes can be utilized to enhance the ionic conductivity of electrospun SSEs. In conclusion, we expect electrospinning technology to play an important role in the future SSE market.