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Energy has always been a prerequisite for human survival and development, and a long-term stable energy supply is an important guarantee for the continuous progress of human civilization. Supercapacitors, as a device that can store and release energy, have been widely used in the field of energy storage due to their advantages such as fast energy release and storage, high output density, low charge and discharge loss, and wide temperature range. In practical applications, the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors depends largely on the performance of electrode materials.
The main point of this paper
Advantages of carbon nanofibers:
Carbon nanofibers are widely used as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high specific surface area, excellent conductivity and good cycle stability.
Preparation methods of carbon nanofibers:
The preparation methods of carbon nanofibers include chemical vapor deposition, template method, carbonization method and electrospinning method, among which electrospinning technology has attracted attention due to its advantages such as self-sustaining, scalability and process controllability.
Application of electrospinning technology:
The nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology have novel morphology and structure, which helps to increase the contact area between the electrode and the electrolyte and reduce the ion transfer resistance.
Research on biomass-based carbon nanofibers:
Studies have shown that biomass-based carbon nanofibers such as lignin-based carbon fibers have good electrochemical properties, excellent specific capacitance and energy density.
Potential of biomass tar:
As a by-product of biomass pyrolysis/gasification process, biomass tar has the potential to be converted into high-performance nanocarbon fibers, and its unique viscoelasticity makes it a soft carbon material.
Preparation of biomass-based nanofibers:
Biomass tar-based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were successfully prepared by electrospinning technology, which is an effective method to convert biomass byproducts into high-value materials.
Construction of electrode materials:
CoNi nanosheets were grown on the surface of CNFs to construct an electrode material with a three-dimensional open petal-like nanofiber structure.
Electrochemical performance:
The obtained electrode material CoNi@CNF-1 exhibited a specific capacitance of 474.4 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, an energy density of 65.9 Wh/kg, and a power density of 250 W/kg.
Cycling stability:
CoNi@CNF-1 still maintained 95.4% of its original capacitance after 5000 charge and discharge cycles, showing good cycling stability.
Dual benefits of environment and energy:
This study not only provides a solution for the effective treatment of biomass tar, but also applies it to the field of electrochemical energy storage, achieving the dual benefits of environmental governance and energy utilization.
In this study, biomass tar-based electrospun carbon nanofibers were synthesized and used as electrode materials. The good morphology and structure ensure that it has excellent electrochemical performance. It has good reversibility and electric double layer capacitance characteristics. The optimal CoNi@CNF-1 has a specific capacitance of 474.4F g−1 at 0.5 a g−1, an energy density of 65.9 Wh kg−1, and a power density of 250 W kg−1. After 5000 cycles, the capacitance retention rate of the sample was 95.4% of the original capacitance. Based on these results, biomass tar can be considered as a low-cost raw material for the preparation of electrodes for energy storage devices. This study provides valuable insights and ideas for the high-value utilization of biomass resources and the sustainable development of the energy storage industry.
