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Silk fibroin (SF): As a bioactive material widely used in tissue engineering, SF has been widely studied for its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. The traditional preparation method of SF membrane has the problems of poor toughness and complex preparation process.
Research goal: To develop a new preparation method, through the unidirectional nanoporous dehydration (UND) technology, to prepare a SF membrane (SFMU) with a type I structure of silk fibroin, and add IONPs to enhance its performance, which is applied to bone tissue engineering.
UND method: Drawing on the self-assembly behavior of SF solution during dialysis, the UND method was developed to prepare SFMU with better water stability.
Addition of IONPs: By changing the amount of IONPs added, three types of SFMU-IONPs were prepared, which improved the structural order, porosity and mechanical properties of SFMU.
Mechanically guided assembly: A complex material structure with a nanofiber network was constructed by the mechanically guided assembly method, showing anisotropic thermal conductivity properties.
Structural characterization of IONPs: IONPs were prepared by coprecipitation, and surface modification improved their biocompatibility, degradability and dispersion stability.
Topological structure of SFMU-IONPs: The addition of IONPs increased the surface roughness of SFMU, which may promote cell adhesion and morphological changes.
Structural properties: SFMU-IONPs formed a water-insoluble silk type I structure with a low elastic modulus, and the addition of IONPs did not significantly affect the crystalline structure of silk type I.
Mechanical properties: The addition of IONPs increased the stress and toughness of SFMU-IONPs, and had good thermal stability and hydrophilicity.
In vitro biocompatibility assessment: SFMU-IONPs showed excellent biocompatibility for the preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1, and had no toxicity to cell viability and attachment.
Preparation of nanofiber membranes: Electrospinning technology can prepare ultrafine fibers with diameters ranging from nanometers to micrometers, which can form fiber membranes, non-woven fabrics or fiber materials. As a natural material with good biocompatibility and degradability, silk fibroin can be prepared into nanofiber membranes through electrospinning technology, which can be used to simulate the structure of extracellular matrix, provide necessary support and guidance for cells, and promote cell proliferation and new tissue growth.
Biomedical scaffolds: Nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology can promote cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation due to their high porosity and good pore connectivity, and have special advantages for in vitro cell culture and simulation of extracellular matrix structure. Silk fibroin combined with electrospinning technology can be used to prepare biomedical scaffolds for tissue engineering repair and regeneration, such as bone, cartilage and nerves.
Advantages of the preparation method: The preparation method is simple and environmentally friendly, does not require the use of organic reagents, and can be achieved at room temperature.
Clinical application potential: SFMU-IONPs can promote MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation at 200µg/mL, showing its potential as a bone engineering biomaterial.
Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-024-00888-5
