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Multifunctionalization of Silk Fibroin: A review study by Associate Professor Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina and Professor David L. Kaplan emphasized the importance of silk fibroin crosslinking technology in material development. The mechanical properties, transparency and functionality of silk fibroin have been significantly improved through methods such as dityrosine crosslinking and methacrylate modification. These crosslinking techniques not only enhance the stability of silk fibroin, but also enable it to be prepared into high-performance nanofibers through electrospinning technology.
Advantages of electrospinning technology: Electrospinning technology can precisely control the diameter and porosity of the fiber to prepare nanofibers with high specific surface area and excellent mechanical properties. This technology combined with the crosslinking method of silk fibroin can develop composite materials with multiple functions, such as scaffolds for tissue engineering, drug delivery systems and flexible electronic devices.
Preparation of nanofibers: Silk fibroin can be processed into nanofibers with high specific surface area and uniform porosity through electrospinning technology. These fibers not only have excellent mechanical properties, but also can be further enhanced in stability and functionality through cross-linking technology.
Development of multifunctional materials: The flexibility of electrospinning technology enables the structure and properties of silk fibroin materials to be customized according to different application requirements. For example, through coaxial spinning technology, silk fibroin can be combined with other bioactive molecules (such as drugs, growth factors) to develop composite materials with multiple functions.
High precision and controllability: Electrospinning technology can accurately control the diameter and arrangement of fibers to produce uniform nanofibers. This is especially important for biomedical applications that require high precision (such as tissue engineering scaffolds).
Versatility: Electrospinning technology can not only prepare fibers of a single material, but also prepare core-shell structured fibers through coaxial spinning and other technologies for drug delivery and tissue repair.
Scalability: Electrospinning technology has high production efficiency and scalability, and is suitable for large-scale production of high-performance fiber materials.
Tissue engineering scaffolds: Silk fibroin nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology can be used to construct high-performance tissue engineering scaffolds. These scaffolds not only have good cell adhesion, but also promote cell growth and differentiation.
Drug delivery system: Electrospinning technology can embed drugs into silk fibroin fibers to develop a drug delivery system with sustained release function. This system can improve the stability and bioavailability of drugs.
Flexible electronic devices: Silk fibroin is widely used in flexible electronics and wearable devices due to its unique molecular structure and excellent mechanical properties. Silk fibroin nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology can be used to construct high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG).
Technology promotion and large-scale production: Electrospinning technology is efficient and scalable, and is suitable for large-scale production of high-performance fiber materials. Combined with silk fibroin cross-linking technology, it can further promote the industrial application of biomaterials, especially in the fields of tissue engineering and drug delivery.
Expanding material systems: Electrospinning technology can be used to prepare a variety of high-performance fiber materials, including polymers, ceramics and metals. Combined with silk fibroin cross-linking technology, more multifunctional fiber materials with biocompatibility and environmental friendliness can be developed.
In-depth research and process optimization: Future research can focus on the formation mechanism and performance optimization of fibers during electrospinning, combining advanced characterization techniques (such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction) and theoretical simulation to further reveal the structure-performance relationship of fiber materials.
Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2023.03.027
