Electrospining Machine: Electrospinning Nanofibers Synthesized Polymers with Bioactive Compounds for Wound Healing

Background

Skin is the largest organ in the human body and acts as a protective barrier against all kinds of damage. It has two layers: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is composed of sensory axons, immune cells, and keratinocytes. The dermis is composed of skin appendages, fibroblasts, and mast cells. The goal of tissue engineering is to create a scaffold with biocompatibility, controlled biodegradability, and the right mechanical properties to repair damaged skin. When injured, it impacts the surface of our skin and the tissues underneath, forming a wound. Healing is a natural process that involves complex mechanisms to restore the normal structure and function of the skin. The skin has multiple functions, acting as a protective barrier that protects our body from harmful external factors such as bacteria, UV radiation, and chemicals. The skin also helps regulate body temperature by sweating and dilating or constricting blood vessels. It allows us to sense touch, pressure, heat, and cold through specialized nerve endings. The skin plays an important role in immune defense, housing immune cells that can detect and fight pathogens.

The main point of this paper

Wound healing market growth:

The global wound care market is expected to increase from $19.8 billion in 2021 to $27.8 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.6%

Skin wound healing mechanism:

The skin has developed a set of rapid and effective wound healing response mechanisms, including wounds caused by trauma, genetic factors, minor abrasions, burns and surgical operations

Acute and chronic wounds:

Acute wounds usually heal within a few days, while chronic wounds persist and are challenging to treat

Combining traditional medicine with nanotechnology:

Integrating nanotechnology into the field of wound healing, by combining biological Active compounds are integrated into nanomaterials to create innovative wound dressings and delivery systems

Electrospinning Technology:

Electrospinning technology has gained attention for its cost-effectiveness and efficiency, and is able to produce ultrafine nanofiber structures from a variety of polymers

Nanofiber mat/wound dressing design:

Designing nanofiber mats/wound dressings with antibiotic and antimicrobial properties is essential to accelerate the wound healing process

Advantages of nanofibers:

Nanofibers have a large surface area to volume ratio, small pore size, and high porosity, allowing for better exudate absorption, improving wound permeability, and helping to prevent further infection

Nanofibrous scaffolds and metal nanoparticles: synergistic effects in accelerating wound healing

Synergy of medicinal plants and nanotechnology:

The combination of medicinal plants and nanotechnology offers a promising approach to accelerate the healing process of acute and chronic wounds.

Role of metal nanoparticles:

Metal nanoparticles are playing an increasingly important role in promoting effective wound healing and preventing secondary bacterial infections.

Local drug delivery by nanoparticles:

These nanoparticles are able to release therapeutic molecules such as growth factors and antibiotics in a sustained manner, promoting effective and controlled wound healing.

Properties of nanoscaffolds:

Nanoscaffolds have attracted much attention due to their excellent properties, including delivery capacity, high porosity, and high surface area.

Biohybrid nanofibrous wound dressings:

In response to the growth of antibiotic resistance, biohybrid nanofibrous wound dressings are replacing traditional antibiotic delivery systems.

Application of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery:

Nanotechnology,micro-nanomaterials,nanoscaffolds, nanofibers, and biomaterials are used for targeted drug delivery aimed at wound healing.

Summarize

Due to their impressive biocompatibility and wet stability, cross-linked electrospun nanofibers show great promise in wound healing. Researchers have been intensively investigating different materials and bioactive agents to enhance the healing properties of electrospun wound dressings. One particularly exciting avenue of research is the use of natural products as antimicrobial and antioxidant additives in wound dressings. By harnessing the power of nature, scientists are exploring the potential of these natural compounds to accelerate the healing process. The idea of extracting bioactive substances from a variety of sources is also appealing. However, it is crucial to conduct thorough clinical trials to ensure the safety and efficacy of these natural products. When incorporating them into wound dressings, we must address their toxicity and safety issues. Depending on the specific type of wound, wound dressings will face multiple challenges in the future. Infection control, rapid and effective hemostasis, personalization for different wound types, biocompatibility, moisture management, long-term stability, and ease of application are all important areas of concern. Continuous advances in wound treatment technologies, such as the integration of gene editing tools, materials science engineering, and interdisciplinary approaches, offer great potential to revolutionize wound care. These innovations can promote skin regeneration and repair, ultimately leading to more effective and efficient wound healing methods.