Electrospining Machine: Electrospun Nanofbers for advanced post-operative tissue anti-adhesion membranes

Background

Tissue adhesions are one of the most common postoperative complications, often accompanied by inflammation, pain, and even dyskinesia, significantly reducing the quality of life of patients. Therefore, various strategies have been explored to prevent the formation of tissue adhesions. Recently, electrostatically spun nanofibres have been the most frequently investigated anti-adhesion membranes due to their adjustable porous structure and high porosity. They not only act as an important barrier and functional carrier system, but also enable high permeability and nutrient transport, showing great potential in preventing tissue adhesions.

Based on this, Professor Yu Dongguang's team at Shanghai Institute of Technology (SIT) has published a review of the latest applications of electrospun nanofibers for antiadhesive membranes in tendons, abdominal cavity, dural sac, pericardium and meninges. The review, entitled ‘Advanced postoperative tissue antiadhesive membranes enabled with electrospun nanofibers’, was published in the journal Biomaterials Science. Biomaterials Science.

The main point of this paper

1. Advanced Nanofiber Membranes for post-operative tissue anti-adhesion are reviewed. these membranes are prepared by electrospinning and have a nanoscale fibrous structure that mimics the natural extracellular matrix. surface modification and bioactivation of Nanofiber Membranes can further enhance their anti-adhesion properties.

2. Nanofiber Membrane based on natural materials (e.g., collagen, silk protein), synthetic polymers (e.g., polylactic acid, polycaprolactone), and composites are highlighted. these membranes achieve their anti-adhesion effect by regulating cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration.

Finally, challenges and future directions of Nanofiber Membrane in clinical applications are discussed.

What are the disadvantages of current anti-adhesion materials in clinical use?

The disadvantages of current anti-adhesion materials in clinical applications are their limitations in preventing adhesions after blood infiltration, rapid degradation, and the possibility of allergic reactions in patients. For example, Interceed® does not completely prevent adhesions after blood infiltration, sepilfilm® degrades quickly, and Adept® may cause allergic reactions in patients. These limitations highlight the need for more desirable anti-adhesion materials

How does electrospinning contribute to the development of tissue resist materials?

Electrospinning facilitates the development of tissue antibonding materials by providing tunable porous structures and highly porous nanofibres.Nanofiber Membrane has high potential in preventing tissue adhesion due to its high permeability and nutrient transport. In addition, Nanofiber Membrane can mimic biological environments and influence cellular behaviour. These properties make Nanofiber Membrane promising for anti-adhesion applications in various tissues.

Originallink: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3BM02038J