Electrospining Machine: Multifunctional electrospun nanofibres for biosensing and biomedical engineering applications

Background

As the standard of living improves, people expect better health and rehabilitation after injury or illness, which makes biomedical engineering more complex and precise. Biomedical materials are of great interest as diagnostic, therapeutic or alternative sources for living organisms. Materials used for biomedical purposes need to fulfil several stringent requirements: they must be biocompatible, avoiding any adverse reactions in the body; the materials must be biologically active, capable of acting on living cells, tissues or organisms; and the materials should have sufficient physical and mechanical properties to facilitate processing. Thus, direct contact and interaction with biological systems make the selection of biomedical materials a great challenge.

The main point of this paper

Electrospun Nanofbers in biomedical applications:

Electrospun Nanofibers have sparked widespread interest in biomedical fields such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, cancer research, biosensors, filtration and lipase immobilisation due to their unique physical and chemical properties

Advantages of electrospinning technology:

Electrospinning technology is capable of directly forming continuous nanoscale fibres with high porosity, large specific surface area, easy modification and low cost

Electrospun Nanofbers-based Biosensors:

Compared with traditional biosensors, nanofibre-based biosensors have the advantages of fast response time, high sensitivity, wide detection range and cost-effectiveness

Structure of Electrospun Nanofbers:

Electrospun Nanofbers have a variety of typical structures, such as core-shell fibres, hollow fibres, porous fibres, etc., which provide diverse options for biomedical applications

Application of electrospinning technology in biosensors:

Electrospinning technology is used to prepare biosensors by immobilising enzymes inside the nanofibres to achieve in situ immobilisation of enzymes and to improve the performance of biosensors

Challenges of Electrospun Nanofbers for Biomedical Applications:

Fewer clinical trials have been conducted on electrospun fibre products, and more research efforts are needed to elucidate their full potential and to conduct more clinical trials to improve the reproducibility of the experiments and to achieve practical applications

Development of electrospinning technology:

Electrospinning technology in the preparation of Electrospun Nanofbers materials has become one of the main ways to effectively prepare nanofibrous materials, with the advantages of simple manufacturing devices, low spinning costs, a wide range of spinnable substances, and controllable process

Versatility of Electrospun Nanofbers:

Electrospun Nanofibers have a diverse composition and can be prepared from polymers, small molecules, colloids and composites, making their physical and electrical properties highly tunable to specific applications.

Electrospun nanofibres for biomedical applications: a review from principles to technical challenges

Advances in Nanotechnology:

Nanotechnology is experiencing unprecedented growth, driving advances in functional nanomaterials.

Properties of Electrospun Nanofbers:

Electrospun Nanofbers are characterised by their porous nature, high specific surface area, excellent loading capacity, ease of modification and low cost.

Applications of Electrospun Nanofbers in Biomedicine:

Electrospun Nanofbers show great potential in biomedical fields, especially in biosensors.

Review Content:

This review introduces the principles of electrospinning, describes the structure and biomaterials of Electrospun Nanofbers for biomedical applications, and summarises the use of the technology in biosensors and other biomedical applications

Summarize

With the interdisciplinary development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials are becoming more and more functional and practical, thus playing an increasingly important role in the biomedical field. Among them, nanofibres have attracted much attention due to their biomimetic properties. Electrospinning is a low-cost and easy-to-use method to prepare nanofibres. Nanofibre-based biosensors have many advantages over conventional biosensors, such as greater responsiveness, higher sensitivity, wider detection range and cost-effectiveness. This review covers the basic principles of electrospinning, typical electrospun nanofibre structures used in the biomedical field, and the application of electrospinning in biosensors and other biomedical fields.

Although electrospinning technology has proven its advantages in the biomedical field, it still faces many challenges. There is an urgent need for an efficient mechanism to produce electrospun fibres on a large scale. Long manufacturing times and low yields have hindered the commercialisation of electrospinning technology. The large-scale production methods described in the article, including needleless electrospinning and multi-needle electrospinning, require further improvement if industrial production is to be achieved. Electrospinning equipment with high production rates usually faces problems of poor free liquid stability and difficulty in controlling multiple jets