Electrospining Machine: Progress in the application of Electrospinning-based multifunctional polymer composite Electrospun Nanofbers

Background

Bone, as a load-bearing tissue, is the second most commonly transplanted tissue, with more than 2 million bone grafts performed annually. Minor fractures and injuries can be repaired by its regenerative capacity, whereas significant defects require a complete regenerative process. Although autografts and allografts have been used clinically for bone reconstruction for a long time, each has its limitations. Donor site complications and side effects associated with autografts result in long waiting times and at least 20 deaths per day.

The main point of this paper

Technology Development:

With the development of nanotechnology, electrostatic spinning technology began to be applied on a large scale in the 1990s.

Operating methods:

Including needle spinning (single and multi-needle), needleless spinning and bubble spinning in various ways.

Process Flow:

Preparation of polymer solution, placed in a strong electric field to form a “Taylor cone”, charged jet from the cone jet, stretching and curing into nanofibers.

Nanofiber membrane characteristics:

Large specific surface area, small pore size, high porosity, lightweight, ultra-thin, flexible mechanical properties.

Application areas:

Filtration, energy, catalysis, environmental protection, clothing, tissue engineering and many other fields.

Morphology regulation:

Ability to regulate the morphology of nanofibers, such as forming self-curling nanofibers by one-step electrostatic spinning.

Self-curling nanofiber applications:

Water conduction, insulation and functional carriers, etc.

Polyurethane-based composite Electrospun Nanofbers: a synthesis of electrospinning technology and its applications in multiple fields

Characterization of Electrospun Nanofbers:

Electrospun Nanofbers are highly valued for their high aspect ratio, high specific surface area, high molecular orientation, high crystallinity and excellent mechanical properties

Advantages of electrospinning technology:

Electrospinning technology is highly controllable, versatile, low cost and easy to operate, and is an important method for the preparation of Electrospun Nanofbers and their Nanofiber Membrane

Preparation of Nanocomposites:

The mechanical strength and multifunctionality of Electrospun Nanofbers and their films can be improved by adding nanofillers such as ceramics, metals, carbon materials, etc. to the electrospinning polymer solution

Application of Polyurethane (PU)-based Composite Electrospun Nanofbers:

Polyurethane-based composite Electrospun Nanofbers have a wide range of applications in the fields of acoustic materials, biomedical materials (tissue-engineered implants, drug delivery systems, antimicrobial materials, hygienic materials, etc.), wearable sensor devices and energy harvesters, adsorbent materials, electromagnetic shielding materials, reinforcing materials, etc.

Acoustic absorption properties of Electrospun Nanofbers:

The high specific surface area and high porosity of Electrospun Nanofbers promote their absorption of sound waves in the low and middle frequency bands, improving the acoustic performance of the material.

Electrospun Nanofbers in Biomedical Applications:

Cellulose Electrospun Nanofbers have a wide range of applications in drug delivery, excipients, wound healing dressings, anticancer, antimicrobial and transdermal drug delivery, showing high drug retention efficiency and good biocompatibility

Future development of Electrospun Nanofbers:

With the advancement of science and technology and the expansion of market demand, the size of the nanomaterials market continues to grow, and nanofibers have demonstrated great commercial value and strategic importance in a number of fields

Summarize

Electrospun Nanofbers, as one of the most promising nanomaterials in the 21st century, have become a hotspot for research and development due to their many excellent properties, and electrospinning is the main preparation method for Electrospun Nanofbers and Nanofiber Membrane. The combination of electrospinning and nanocomposite technology can further improve the mechanical strength and multifunctionality of Electrospun Nanofbers and Nanofiber Membrane. This paper reviews the latest practical applications of pu-based composite Electrospun Nanofbers in the fields of acoustic absorbing materials, biomedical materials, wearable sensor devices and energy harvesting devices, adsorbent materials, electromagnetic shielding materials and reinforcing materials.

Although this review covers most of the important applications of Electrospun Nanofbers, there are still some potentially important future applications that have not yet been addressed. To the best of our knowledge, with the further improvement of Nanofiber Membrane properties, it can be used as electrolyte filtration membranes, surface soft feel materials, surface super black materials, etc.