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Stem cell therapy for brain injury is an emerging treatment strategy with significant potential. Studies have shown that stem cells can promote neural repair through multiple mechanisms, including homing to damaged tissues, cell replacement, secretion of neurotrophic factors, prevention of scar formation, activation of dormant endogenous neural stem cells, and bridging effects. Clinical studies have shown that stem cell therapy can improve neurological function and quality of life in patients with craniocerebral injury.
As a new type of stem cell carrier, silk fibroin/MXene conductive hydrogel exhibits excellent conductivity, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. This hydrogel can protect stem cells and induce their differentiation, especially with the assistance of electrical stimulation, it can significantly promote the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and inhibit differentiation into astrocytes. In addition, this hydrogel also has self-healing and adhesive properties, making it potentially useful in the field of wearable sensors.
Electrical stimulation has been shown to enhance the process of neural regeneration, making conductive polymers very attractive in neural tissue engineering. Conductive polymers such as polypyrrole and polyaniline can be designed and modified to serve as suitable scaffolds for neural tissue engineering.
In rat models of traumatic brain injury, stem cell therapy has shown positive therapeutic effects. Neurological function in patients with TBI can be improved through different stem cell transplantation methods, such as intrathecal injection and intravenous infusion.
Stem cell therapy has shown potential in a variety of neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, and traumatic brain injury. The integration of stem cell biology with other cutting-edge technologies, such as gene editing and single-cell genomics, has brought hope for the development of personalized and targeted treatments.
Preparation of conductive neural scaffolds: PELA/PPY fiber conduits prepared by electrospinning technology can promote rat peripheral nerve regeneration through self-excited electrical stimulation. This conductive neural scaffold has good biocompatibility and similar electrical properties compared with normal nerves, which is of great significance for the repair of peripheral nerve injuries.
Preparation of artificial nerve conduits: Electrospinning technology is used to prepare polylactic acid fibers loaded with nerve growth factor to promote the repair of peripheral nerve damage. This conduit provides a microenvironment for damaged nerves to repair themselves, and has a three-dimensional and porous structure, similar to the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is conducive to cell adhesion and growth.
In summary, stem cell therapy and conductive hydrogels have shown great potential in the treatment of nerve damage. Future research needs to further explore the optimal cell type, dose, transplantation timing, and transplantation route to achieve more effective nerve repair and functional recovery.
Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02359-x
