Electrospinning Device: Construction of multifunctional silk/nanozyme composite microneedles with controllable phototherapeutic bactericidal properties

Background

Jiang Xinquan's team of experts proposed a new strategy for the treatment of periodontitis, which combines the synergistic effects of nanozyme-catalyzed photo/chemodynamic sterilization and microneedle in situ drug delivery platform. A biodegradable multifunctional photothermal microneedle (MN-SF/CuS) patch was constructed by in situ growth of monodisperse ultrasmall CuS nanozymes on silk fibroin (SF) biomolecules and hybridization with methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA).

Construction and characterization of SF/CuS microneedles

The construction process of SF/CuS microneedles involves in situ growth of CuS nanozymes on silk fibroin, and the successful synthesis of hexagonal CuS and SF/CuS was confirmed by XRD, XPS spectra and FTIR spectra. These microneedles exhibited excellent photothermal conversion properties and did not deform under different irradiation intensities, which helped transmit light to deeper layers of tissues and generate heat at designated locations

Evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity

The antibacterial effects of SF/CuS microneedles on the main pathogens of periodontitis, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), were evaluated in the study. The results showed that under near-infrared radiation, the high temperature and reactive oxygen species generated by SF/CuS could destroy the membrane structure of bacteria and reduce the activity of bacteria, thereby killing bacteria safely and efficiently.

Promoting antibacterial effects by regulating ROS production and temperature

Under near-infrared radiation, the high temperature generated by SF/CuS not only destroyed the membrane structure of bacteria, but also promoted the production of ROS. This combination of physical and chemical means can better avoid the development of bacterial resistance while exerting good therapeutic effects

Application of electrospinning technology in drug release

Electrospinning technology is used to prepare drug-loaded nanofiber membranes, which can effectively control drug release and are of great significance for the treatment of periodontitis. For example, the preparation of metronidazole (MNZ)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofiber membranes demonstrated the application of electrospinning technology in the treatment of periodontitis patches.

Development of silk fibroin microsphere/electrospun nanofiber composite carriers

Silk fibroin microspheres were loaded with the hydrophobic drug curcumin and then coated in silk fibroin nanofibers by electrospinning technology to form a composite carrier. This composite carrier provides a new method to solve the problem of "burst release" in the early stage of drug release and provides a new carrier form for the application of silk fibroin in the field of drug delivery

Conclusion

This study successfully constructed a new type of photothermal microneedle (MN-SF/CuS) patch for antibacterial treatment of deep periodontal pockets and promotion of tissue regeneration. MN-SF/CuS can target light to deeper layers of tissue to achieve local high temperature and controllable ROS production under NIR irradiation. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that SF/CuS had good antibacterial effect, and the MN-SF/CuS patch effectively eliminated deep tissue inflammation and promoted tissue regeneration through the synergistic effects of photothermal effect, POD-like activity and copper release.

Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102297