Electrospinning Device: Silk fibroin-magnesium composite scaffold with water-responsive shape memory for irregular bone regeneration

Background

In the treatment of bone defects, autologous bone transplantation has many limitations, such as donor site complications and pain. Although allogeneic bone grafts and metal implant materials (such as titanium alloy and polyetheretherketone) have excellent mechanical properties, they lack biological activity, resulting in poor integration with host bone tissue.

Innovation of SF/MgO composite scaffold

The SF/MgO composite scaffold developed by Zheng Yufeng's expert team has mechanically strong, tailorable and water-responsive shape memory properties, which can quickly match irregular bone defects.

The scaffold can adapt to irregular-shaped bone defects through simple trimming to achieve minimally invasive treatment.

Material properties and preparation

Silk fibroin (SF) is derived from silkworm cocoons and has excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element for bone health and is involved in bone tissue formation and metabolism.

The SF/MgO composite scaffold is formed by electrostatic interaction and chemical cross-linking, and has an excellent porous microstructure and uniformly distributed MgO particles.

Biocompatibility and osteogenic properties

SF/MgO composite scaffolds promote the proliferation, adhesion and migration of osteoblasts and the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro.

Under appropriate MgO content, the scaffolds show good tissue compatibility, low foreign body reaction (FBR), significant ectopic mineralization and angiogenesis.

Association with electrospinning

Preparation of antibacterial and osteogenic dual-functional micro-nano composite scaffolds: Electrospinning technology can be used to prepare micro-nano composite scaffolds with antibacterial and osteogenic dual functions, which can be used in bone tissue engineering.

Simulation of extracellular matrix: Electrospun ultrafine fibers can highly simulate the composition and structure of extracellular matrix fibers, and drugs can also be loaded into electrospun degradable fibers to achieve controlled release of drugs

Conclusion

As a mechanically strong, personalized and bioactive bone repair material, SF/MgO composite scaffolds have important application prospects for the regeneration of clinical-sized and irregular bone defects.

Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48417-8