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3D printing technology can prepare hydrogel scaffolds with specific structures and functions. These scaffolds simulate the porous structure of cartilage and provide support for cell growth and tissue formation. For example, Cao Xiaodong's team at South China University of Technology used extrusion low-temperature 3D printing technology to prepare porous hydrogel scaffolds by cross-linking silk fibroin (SF) and tyramine-modified gelatin (GT) mediated by horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and combined with stem cell aggregate inoculation to promote high expression of type II collagen, differentiation into hyaline cartilage, and improve the regeneration and repair effect of articular cartilage.
The three-dimensional nanostructured scaffolds prepared by electrospinning technology can effectively promote the proliferation of chondrocytes.
This technology can prepare nanofiber scaffolds similar to natural bone structures. These scaffolds have the advantages of good biocompatibility, promoting tissue growth and suitable degradation time, and are widely used in bone regeneration and repair. Electrospinning technology can also prepare drug-loaded nanofiber scaffolds to improve the osteogenesis effect. In addition, the addition of inorganic particles such as hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes can improve the bioactivity of fibers. These active particles can be mixed into the fibers for co-spinning, or grafted or coated on the surface.
Stem cell aggregation is an important link in the early development of hyaline cartilage. The researchers dripped the cell suspension on the agarose microporous array to prepare cell aggregates, which can be collected by centrifugation and successfully inoculated on the dislocated hole scaffold after resuspending, so as to obtain the spatial distribution of cells in the whole construct and form high-quality matrix tissue.
The combination of 3D printed porous SF-GT hydrogel and stem cell aggregates has broad clinical application prospects in promoting cartilage repair.
This combination method not only promotes the formation of new bone, but also promotes bone integration at the interface, showing good application potential in cartilage tissue repair and regeneration.
In summary, 3D printing technology and electrospinning technology have shown great potential in the treatment of articular cartilage injuries. They can provide personalized treatment plans, promote the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, and improve the regeneration and repair of cartilage tissue. With the further development of technology, these methods are expected to play a more important role in future clinical treatments.
Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.013
