Electrospinning Device: New 3D printed double-layer silk protein patch for promoting craniocerebral injury and bone tissue regeneration

Background

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health problem worldwide, and its treatment and repair have always been the focus of medical research. The team of researcher Guo Rui from Jinan University has developed a new 3D printed double-layer cranial patch (SMB6), which aims to solve the problems of TBI repair and skull regeneration at the same time, which has important clinical significance.

Severity and Challenges of TBI

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has a high mortality and disability rate. In addition to primary injury, it also causes a series of secondary injuries, such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral hypoperfusion and neurological deterioration. At present, decompressive craniectomy is used clinically to relieve the increased intracranial pressure caused by TBI, but this operation may cause secondary damage to the brain parenchyma. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biomaterial to be directly implanted into the defect site, which can provide temporary protection and promote autologous bone regeneration.

Importance of cranial patch

The development of cranial patch is crucial for skull implant materials or TBI repair. The ideal cranial patch should be able to promote bone tissue regeneration, while improving the inflammatory microenvironment after TBI and blocking the cascade reaction of secondary injury.

Development of a novel double-layer craniocerebral patch (SMB6)

SMB6, developed by the team of researcher Guo Rui of Jinan University, is a novel 3D-printed double-layer craniocerebral patch with dual functions. The first layer is added with high-concentration mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) to mimic the porous microenvironment of natural bones and provide an osteoinductive environment to promote the adhesion, migration, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The second layer is loaded with biomimetic microglia encapsulating M-CSF and IL-6, which directly improves the inflammatory microenvironment after TBI.

Connection with electrospinning

Improving the mechanical properties and bioactivity of craniocerebral patches: Through electrospinning technology, different bioactive substances such as growth factors or cells can be doped into nanofibers to improve the bioactivity of craniocerebral patches and promote bone integration. In addition, by adjusting the conditions of electrospinning, the diameter, porosity and surface properties of the fibers can be regulated to optimize the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the patch.

Promoting angiogenesis and neural repair: Nanofiber scaffolds prepared by electrospinning can promote angiogenesis and neural repair, which are essential for brain function recovery after TBI. By doping angiogenic factors or neurotrophic factors into nanofibers, the growth of blood vessels and nerves can be guided, accelerating the repair process of brain tissue.

Summary

In summary, electrospinning technology has great potential in TBI treatment and cranial patch development. It can not only be used to prepare biomaterials with specific functions, but also as a drug delivery system to promote brain tissue repair and functional recovery. With the continuous development of electrospinning technology, its application prospects in neurotrauma treatment will be broader.

Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:

https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202314330