Electrospinning Device: Silk fibroin conduits with stable biomimetic inner surfaces inhibit bioadhesion

Background

Studies have shown that micro-nano patterned surfaces can affect cell adhesion and behavior. When cells encounter an actionable binding site, integrins undergo conformational changes, attracting a large number of cytoplasmic proteins to the adhesion site through physical aggregation, thereby regulating cell activity. This mechanism is crucial to understanding how the surface microstructure of silk fibroin catheters affects the adhesion and function of endothelial cells.

Fabrication and performance of silk fibroin catheters

Wang Xiaoqin's team used silk fibroin hydrogels and perfusion molding to prepare catheters with a lotus leaf-inspired micropapillary structure (SF-CMP) on the inner surface. After fumigation with phenylethanol (PEA), the resulting catheter (SF-CMP PEA) showed better anti-swelling and mechanical properties than the methanol-treated catheter (SF-CMP MeOH). The stability and anti-swelling properties of this microstructure are crucial for the long-term application of catheters in vivo.

Anti-bioadhesion properties of silk fibroin catheters

SF-CMP PEA catheters showed repellent effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in in vitro experiments and showed low cytotoxicity to endothelial cells cultured on non-patterned surfaces. This suggests that micropatterned SF catheters have potential application value in inhibiting bioadhesion.

Cytocompatibility of silk fibroin catheters

The attachment and proliferation of endothelial cells on PEA-treated SF membranes were evaluated by staining live cells with AlamarBlue and calcein-AM, and the results showed that the SF membranes treated with PEA fumigation showed good biocompatibility.

In vivo biocompatibility of silk fibroin catheters

Animal studies showed that SF-MMP and SF-M samples induced lower inflammatory responses compared with control Si-M samples, as manifested by reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration at the implant-tissue interface. These biocompatibility features are essential for maintaining catheter function and patient comfort during long-term use.

Application of electrospinning technology

Electrospinning technology can be used to prepare silk fibroin/PLGA hybrid fibers for vascular tissue engineering. This blended fiber scaffold can improve the biocompatibility of PLGA and promote the growth of endothelial cells by utilizing the cell adhesion properties of silk fibroin

Summary

In summary, the combination of electrospinning technology and silk fibroin provides an effective strategy for surface modification and anti-bioadhesion of indwelling medical devices. By introducing micro-nanostructures on the surface of silk fibroin catheters, their anti-swelling properties, mechanical properties and biocompatibility can be significantly improved, thereby reducing the formation of biofilms and improving the clinical effects of medical devices and patient safety.

Electrospinning Nanofibers Article Source:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133271