Electrospinning Academic News

Electrospinning tissue engineering and wound dressing scaffolds from polymer-titanium dioxide nanocomposites 2021-03-18

Electrospinning is widely used to fabricate nanoscale fibers from natural and synthetic polymers. Electrospun fibers have potential application in tissue engineering as well as in the design of catalysts, batteries, electronic sensors, packages, filtration membranes, medical implants, wound dressings, and medical fabrics, and drug delivery systems. Fibers offer a porous structure with a high surface area to volume ratio, which is a highly desired property in various applications. Integrating other materials such as metals nanoparticles or ceramics in electrospun fibers is emerging as a route to new nanoscale composites materials with enhanced functional properties. Incorporating nanoparticles on or within the nanofibrous scaffold impart functional properties with implication for catalysis, optoelectronics, and biomedicine. Indeed, these electrospun polymer-nanoparticles composites are a new frontier in biomedicine, where their relevance to tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug deliv

Electrospun collagen/chitosan nanofibrous membrane as wound dressing 2021-03-18

Composite nanofibrous membranes (NFM) of type I collagen, chitosan, and polyethylene oxide was fabricated by electrospinning, which could be further crosslinked by glutaraldehyde vapor. The NFM was subject to detailed analysis by scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and tensile testing. Nanofiber diameter was found to be 134 ± 42 nm, which increased to 398 ± 76 nm after crosslinking. The Young's modulus increased after crosslinking, however, the ultimate tensile strength, tensile strain, and water sorption capability decreased after crosslinking. NFMs showed no cytotoxicity toward growth of 3T3 fibroblasts and had good in vitro biocompatibility. From animal studies, the NFM was better than gauze and commercial collagen sponge wound dressing in wound healing rate. This novel electrospun matrix will have potential as a wound dressing for skin regeneration.

Electrospun nanofibrous polyurethane membrane as wound dressing 2021-03-18

Produced via electrospinning, polyurethane membrane, which has a unique property, has been of interest in medical fields. Electrospinning is a process by which nanofibers can be produced by an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution. Electrospun fibers are collected in the form of membranes. The porous structured electrospun membrane is particularly important for its favorable properties: it exudates fluid from the wound, does not build up under the covering, and does not cause wound desiccation. The electrospun nanofibrous membrane shows controlled evaporative water loss, excellent oxygen permeability, and promoted fluid drainage ability, but still it can inhibit exogenous microorganism invasion because its pores are ultra‐fine. Histological examination indicates that the rate of epithelialization is increased and the dermis becomes well organized if wounds are covered with electrospun nanofibrous membrane. This electrospun membrane has potential applications for wound dressi

Design of bilayered nanofibrous mats for wound dressing using an electrospinning technique 2021-03-18

In this study, bilayered nanofibrous mats (BNFs) were fabricated through sequential electrospinning of polyurethane and gelatin. Due to the bilayered construction and individual performance of each layer, the obtained BNFs show different surface wettability in double layers. Meanwhile, BNFs have desirable thermally regulated water vapor transmission rate, water-absorption ratio and adhesive force between the two layers. In addition, the BNFs show satisfactory antibacterial activity and hemostatic property. Therefore, the prepared BNFs can be used as novel wound dressings.

Batch preparation of electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan/aloe vera blended nanofiber membranes for novel wound dressing 2021-03-18

At present, more and more attention has been paid to the development of active wound dressings. Chitosan, a kind of carbohydrate polymer with good biocompatibility, is widely used in the field of wound dressings. In this study, a slopeing free surface electrospinning (SFSE) device was presented to prepare large quantities of polycaprolactone/chitosan/aloe vera (PCL/CS/AV) nanofiber membranes (NFMs) for antibacterial wound dressing. And the morphologies of PCL/CS/AV NFMs with varying weight ratios of PCL:CS:AV were studied using SEM, and the optimal weight ratio of 5:3:2 was determined for better wound dressings. Then the structure, wetting property and yield of the PCL/CS/AV NFMs with the optimal weight ratio were investigated, and the effects of the addition of AV on the antibacterial performance and the biocompatibility of NFMs was studied. In addition, the preparation mechanism of SFSE was researched by simulating the electric field distribution using Maxwell 3D due to the important

Electrospun Non‐Woven Nanofibrous Hybrid Mats Based on Chitosan and PLA for Wound‐Dressing Applications 2021-03-18

Continuous defect‐free nanofibers containing chitosan (Ch) or quaternized chitosan (QCh) were successfully prepared by one‐step electrospinning of Ch or QCh solutions mixed with poly[(L‐lactide)‐co‐(d,l‐lactide)] in common solvent. XPS revealed the surface chemical composition of the bicomponent electrospun mats. Crosslinked Ch‐ and QCh‐containing nanofibers exhibited higher kill rates against bacteria S. aureus and E. coli than the corresponding solvent‐cast films. SEM observations showed that hybrid mats were very effective in suppressing the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria S. aureus. The hybrid nanofibers are promising for wound‐healing applications.

Colloidal electrospinning is used for wound dressings 2021-03-18

Nanofiber‐based hydrocolloid scaffold is prepared by colloid electrospinning of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (S.CMC) in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/dimethylformamide (DMF). The most suitable process of electrospinning for successful formation of fibers is investigated by controlling the concentration of polymeric solution and co‐solvent ratio. In order to accomplish high wettability, the amount of colloid (S.CMC) and the co‐solvent ratio (THF/DMF), which affects the morphology of fibers, are adjusted. Finally, the open wound healing effect is confirmed using nanofiber‐hydrocolloid from in vivo animal studies. A detailed study of the wound healing process is also demonstrated for the first time.

Application of electrospun fiber in wound dressing in vivo and in vitro 2021-03-18

Skin wounds can lead to numerous complications with dangerous health consequences. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles were doped with different concentrations of antimicrobial silver (Ag) ions and incorporated into the electrospun nanofibrous ε-polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. Nanoparticles and scaffolds with various Ag contents were characterized using a range of physicochemical techniques. Ag entered magnetite as cations and preferentially positioned at tetrahedral sites, introducing lattice distortions and topographic irregularities. Amorphization of the structure due to accommodation of Ag expanded the lattice in the bulk and contracted it on the surface, where broadened distribution of Fe–O coordinations was detected. Promoting spin canting and diminishing the double exchange interaction through altered distribution of ferric and ferrous ions, Ag softened the magnetism of magnetite. By making the nanoparticle structure more defective, Ag modified the interface with the polymer

New prospects of electrospun rice fiber in skin regeneration 2021-03-18

This study reflects an exploitation of a composite matrix produced by electrospinning of collagen and electrospraying of nanophased hydroxyapatite (nanoHA), for skin regeneration applications. The main goal was to evaluate the effect of nanoHA, as source of localized calcium delivery, on human dermal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) growth, proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. This study revealed that calcium ions provided by nanoHA significantly enhanced cellular growth and proliferation rates and prevented adhesion of pathogenic bacteria strains typically found in human skin flora. Moreover, hMSCs were able to differentiate in both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. Rat subcutaneous implantation of the membranes also revealed that no adverse reaction occurred. Therefore, the mechanically fit composite membrane presents a great potential to be used either as cell transplantation scaffold for skin wound regeneration o

Electrospun nanofibers as a wound dressing for treating diabetic foot ulcer 2021-03-18

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world with high-mortality and complex complications including diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). It has been reported that the difficulties in repairing the wound related to DFU has much relationship with the wound infection, change of inflammatory responses, lack of extracellular matrix (ECM), and the failure of angiogenesis. Following the development of medical materials and pharmaceutical technology, nanofibers has been developed by electrospinning with huge porosity, excellent humidity absorption, a better oxygen exchange rate, and some antibacterial activities. That is to say, as a potential material, nanofibers must be a wonderful candidate for the DFU treatment with so many benefits. Careful selection of polymers from natural resource and synthetic resource can widen the nanofibrous application. Popular methods applied for the nanofibrous fabrication consist of uniaxial electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning. Furthermore, nanofi

Long-acting and broad-spectrum antimicrobial electrospun poly (ε-caprolactone)/gelatin micro/nanofibers for wound dressing 2021-03-18

Trimethoxysilylpropyl octadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (QAS), which forms facile bonds with hydroxyl groups, acts as a cationic antibacterial agent. In this work, QAS was introduced into a polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin hybrid in increasing concentrations to fabricate a long-acting and broad-spectrum antimicrobial micro/nanofiber membrane as a novel wound dressing. The physical interactions and chemical bonding between QAS/PCL and QAS/gelatin were demonstrated by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS. Measured water contact angle between the PCL-gelatin/QAS (PG-Q) nanofiber membranes suggested a hydrophobic surface, which has been shown to aid in removal of wound dressings. The mechanical strength of the membranes was sufficient to meet the clinical requirements. Furthermore, the 15% QAS (PG-Q15) and 20% QAS (PG-Q20) formulated nanofiber membranes showed a considerable increase in their bacteriostatic activity towards Staphylococcus aureus (gram-posi

Hyperbranched polyglycerol electrospun nanofibers for wound dressing applications 2021-03-18

This study reports on the performance of electrospun hyperbranched polyglycerol nanofibers capable of providing an active agent delivery for wound dressing applications. The aim of this work was to prepare electrospun HPGL nanofibers containing Calendula officinalis as a wound-healing and anti-inflammatory agent. The morphology of the electrospun HPGL–C. officinalis nanofibers was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the diameters of the fibers were in nanoscales. The release of C. officinalis from the electrospun HPGL fibers was determined by HPLC at a physiological temperature (37 °C). Rapid release of the C. officinalis from the electrospun HPGL–C. officinalis nanofibers was exhibited as result of the high swelling ability as well as the high porosity of the electrospun HPGL–C. officinalis membranes. The degree of swelling, and the mechanical and biocompatible properties of the electrospun HPGL fibers were determined. The results showed that, in phy

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